Bharat is my Home Class 12 Summary, Explanation Notes

by | Sep 5, 2022 | General | 0 comments

 

Bharat is my Home

 

BSEB Class 12 English Rainbow Book Chapter 2 Bharat is my Home Summary, Explanation, Question Answers from Rainbow Book 

 

Bharat is my Home– BSEB Class 12 English Rainbow Book Chapter 2 Bharat is my Home Summary and detailed explanation of the story along with meanings of difficult words. Also, the summary is followed by an explanation of the lesson. All the exercises and Question Answers given at the back of the lesson have also been solved.

 

Class 12 BSEB English Rainbow book Chapter 2 – Bharat is my Home

By Zakir Husain

 

Dr. Zakir Husain

‘Bharat is My Home’ is an excerpt from the speech of Dr. Zakir Husain that he gave in 1967 after taking oath as the President of our nation. In this speech, he pledges himself to the country despite the barriers of language and religion, and work towards strengthening its power in the benefit of people irrespective of their caste, color or religion.

Bharat is my Home Summary

In his presidential speech, Dr Zakir Husain confesses how he is flooded with emotions after seeing the confidence his people have placed in him. He praises Dr Radhakrishnan for his contributions during his time as the President. Dr Radhakrishnan brought his intelligence, knowledge and unmatchable experience with him to the office. Zakir further promises the audience that he is accepting his duties with complete modesty and intends on staying committed to it. He swore his loyalty to the Constitution of India. The Constitution is a new hope for our ancestors who have earned it after many struggles and have obtained true, unique value over the period of time. He mentions that the past realizations being derived from the values are not gone or stable but are still relevant and changing. He mentions how the process of bringing new changes to the system brings about growth in both national culture and character. According to him, it is education that brings continuous change in the mindset of a population. He feels that his contribution towards educating the population got him to the highest office of the land. He pledges to stay loyal towards working for the whole of our nation’s ideas, customs and norms and stay true-hearted to the country despite the linguistic and religious barriers. He calls India his home and the citizens, his family that is continuously growing at an uncontrollable speed. He tells each one of us to contribute towards creating a new life in our own manner because in order to proceed towards development, none of us can manage to sit back and observe. He could not emphasize more on the fact that we need to work hard consistently, silently and wholeheartedly in order to rebuild the entire physical, social, and cultural life of our country. The hard work that Zakir is asking the citizens to do comprises two types – one that involves working on oneself and the other, on its surroundings and environment. This dual attempt will change the circumstances of our nation for the better and add a “special flavour”. He mentions how use of power for the right reasons is considered a part of our national behavior which has also been passed down from one of the great leaders of our history, Mahatma Gandhi. Thus, he asks us to commit ourselves in working towards strengthening the nation and maintaining peace within it. 

 
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Bharat is my Home Summary in Hindi

 

अपने अध्यक्षीय भाषण में, डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन ने स्वीकार किया कि कैसे अपने लोगों द्वारा उन पर दिखाए गए विश्वास को देखकर वह भावनाओं से भर गए हैं। वह राष्ट्रपति के रूप में अपने कार्यकाल के दौरान डॉ. राधाकृष्णन के योगदान की प्रशंसा करते हैं। डॉ. राधाकृष्णन कार्यालय में अपनी बुद्धिमत्ता, ज्ञान और अतुलनीय अनुभव अपने साथ लाए। जाकिर ने दर्शकों से वादा किया कि वह अपने कर्तव्यों को पूरी विनम्रता के साथ स्वीकार कर रहे हैं और इसके प्रति प्रतिबद्ध रहने का इरादा रखते हैं। उन्होंने भारत के संविधान के प्रति अपनी निष्ठा की शपथ ली। संविधान हमारे पूर्वजों के लिए एक नई आशा है जिन्होंने इसे कई संघर्षों के बाद अर्जित किया है और समय के साथ सच्चा, अद्वितीय मूल्य प्राप्त किया है। उन्होंने उल्लेख किया है कि मूल्यों से प्राप्त अतीत की अनुभूतियाँ ख़त्म या स्थिर नहीं हुई हैं, बल्कि अभी भी प्रासंगिक हैं और बदल रही हैं। उन्होंने उल्लेख किया है कि व्यवस्था में नए परिवर्तन लाने की प्रक्रिया किस प्रकार राष्ट्रीय संस्कृति और चरित्र दोनों में विकास लाती है। उनके अनुसार, यह शिक्षा ही है जो आबादी की मानसिकता में निरंतर परिवर्तन लाती है। उनका मानना ​​है कि आबादी को शिक्षित करने में उनके योगदान ने उन्हें देश के सर्वोच्च पद तक पहुंचाया। वह हमारे देश के संपूर्ण विचारों, रीति–रिवाजों और मानदंडों के लिए काम करने के प्रति वफादार रहने और भाषाई और धार्मिक बाधाओं के बावजूद देश के प्रति सच्चे दिल से बने रहने की प्रतिज्ञा करते हैं।

वह भारत को अपना घर और नागरिकों को अपना परिवार कहते हैं जो लगातार अनियंत्रित गति से बढ़ रहा है। वह हममें से प्रत्येक को अपने तरीके से एक नया जीवन बनाने में योगदान देने के लिए कहते हैं क्योंकि विकास की दिशा में आगे बढ़ने के लिए, हममें से कोई भी आराम से बैठ कर निरीक्षण करने का प्रबंधन नहीं कर सकता है। वह इस तथ्य पर अधिक जोर नहीं दे सके कि हमें अपने देश के संपूर्ण भौतिक, सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक जीवन के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए लगातार, चुपचाप और पूरे दिल से कड़ी मेहनत करने की आवश्यकता है। जाकिर नागरिकों से जो कड़ी मेहनत करने के लिए कह रहे हैं, उसमें दो प्रकार की मेहनत शामिल है – एक जिसमें खुद पर काम करना और दूसरे, अपने आस–पास और पर्यावरण पर काम करना शामिल है। यह दोहरा प्रयास हमारे देश की परिस्थितियों को बेहतरी की ओर बदल देगा और एक “विशेष स्वाद” जोड़ देगा। उन्होंने उल्लेख किया है कि कैसे सही कारणों के लिए शक्ति का उपयोग हमारे राष्ट्रीय व्यवहार का एक हिस्सा माना जाता है जो हमारे इतिहास के महान नेताओं में से एक, महात्मा गांधी से भी प्राप्त हुआ है। इस प्रकार, वह हमसे राष्ट्र को मजबूत करने और इसके भीतर शांति बनाए रखने की दिशा में काम करने के लिए प्रतिबद्ध होने के लिए कहते हैं।
 
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Video Explanation of Bharat is my Home

 

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Bharat Is My Home Lesson Explanation

 

Passage – I must confess that I am overwhelmed by the trust my people have placed in me by electing me to the highest office in the land….. 

Word Meaning:
Confess – to own or admit as true
Overwhelmed – to cause to be overcome with emotion as a result of an amount of something that’s too much to handle
Electing – choose (someone) to hold public office or some other position by voting

Explanation of the Above Passage – In his speech, Zakir admits that he is filled with a lot of emotions after seeing the confidence that people have in him as they have chosen him to be the President of the country, which is considered to be the position of highest importance in India.

 

Passage – Dr Radhakrishnan brought to the Presidency a mental equipment, a degree of erudition and wealth of experience rarely to be found anywhere. During a lifetime devoted to the pursuit of knowledge and truth, he has done more than probably any other man to bring out and explain Indian philosophical thought and the oneness of all true spiritual values. He has never lost his faith in the essential humanity of man and he himself has never ceased to champion the right of all men to live in dignity and with justice.

 

Word Meaning:
Mental equipment – the personal qualities that you need in order to be able to do something
Erudition – great knowledge or learning
Devoted – to give or direct (Time, money, or effort, etc) to a cause, enterprise or activity
Pursuit – process of trying to achieve something
Ceased – stopped
Champion – stand up for, support
Dignity – the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect

Explanation of the Above Passage –He praises Dr Radhakrishnan for all he did during his time as the President. Dr Radhakrishnan brought his intelligence, great knowledge and unmatchable experience with him. He committed his entire life to gaining knowledge and being truthful. He has worked harder than anyone to explain Indian philosophical thought and the harmony among all spiritual values. He always believed in the importance of humanity which is why nothing could stop him from standing up for man’s right to live with honor, respect and fairness.

 

Passage – I can only assure you that I enter this office in a spirit of prayerful humility and total dedication. I have just taken the oath of loyalty to the Constitution of India. It is the Constitution of a comparatively new State which its free citizens have, for the first time in history, given to themselves. It is the young State of an ancient people who, through the long millennia and through cooperation of diverse ethnic elements, have striven to realise timeless, absolute values in their own peculiar way. I pledge myself to the service of those values. For, though some concrete realisation of a value may become inadequate with the change of circumstance, the value remains eternally valid and presses for newer and fresher realisation. The past is not dead and static, it is alive and dynamic and is involved in determining the quality of our present and the prospects of our future.

 

Word Meaning:
Humility – the quality of having a modest or low view of one’s importance; humbleness, modesty
Dedication – the quality of being dedicated or committed to a task or purpose
Oath – a solemn promise, often invoking a divine witness, regarding one’s future action or behaviour
Millennia – an anniversary of a thousand years
Diverse – showing a great deal of variety; very different
Ethnic – racial, cultural
Striven – past participle of strive (make great efforts to achieve or obtain something)
Timeless – not affected by the passage of time or changes in fashion
Absolute values – actual magnitude
Peculiar – different to what is normal or expected; strange
Pledge – swear, an oath
Inadequate – insufficient for a purpose
Eternally – in a way that continues or lasts forever; permanently
Static – lacking in movement, action, or change, especially in an undesirable or uninteresting way
Dynamic – (of a process or system) characterized by constant change, activity or progress
Prospects – the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring 

Explanation of the Above Passage –Zakir promises the audience that he is accepting his duties with complete modesty and intends on staying committed to it. He swears his faithfulness to the Constitution of India. He explains how this Constitution is a gift to citizens of Independent India given by themselves. The Constitution is a new hope for our ancestors who have earned it after many racial, cultural movements and have obtained true, unique value over the period of time. Zakir swore himself to work in line with these values. He explains that the outcome of a value may become insufficient over time but the values stay valid forever and lead to new perceptions. He mentions that the past realizations being derived from the values are not gone or stable but are still relevant and changing. They determine the quality of life we are living in now and the scope of improvement we have in the future.

 

Passage – The process of its constant renewal is, indeed, the process of growth of national culture and national character. It is the business of education, as I see it, to minister this constant renewal; and I may be forgiven the presumption that my choice to this high office has mainly, if not entirely, been made on account of my long association with the education of my people. I maintain that education is a prime instrument of national purpose and that quality of education is inescapably involved in the quality of the nation.

 

Word Meaning:
Renewal – an instance of resuming something after an interruption
Forgiven – stop feeling angry or resentful towards (Someone) for an offense, flaw, or mistake
Presumption – an idea that is taken to be true on the basis of probability
Inescapably – in a way that cannot be avoided or ignored; undeniably 

Explanation of the Above Passage –Zakir mentions that the process of bringing new changes to the system brings about growth in both national culture and character. According to him, it is education that brings about continuous change in the mindset of people. He feels that if he is not wrong in estimating the main reason behind his election as the President, it is because of his contribution towards educating the population. He firmly believes that education plays the most important role in fulfilling the motives of a nation as it only determines the quality of mindset of the people living in it.

 

Passage – I, therefore, pledge myself to the loyalty of our past culture from wheresoever it may have come and by whomsoever it may have been contributed. I pledge myself to the service of the totality to my country’s culture. I pledge my loyalty to my country, irrespective of religion or language; I pledge myself to work for its strength and progress and for the welfare of its people without distinctions of caste, colour or creed. The whole of Bharat is my home and its people are my family. The people have chosen to make me the head of this family for a certain time. It shall be my earnest endeavour to seek to make this home strong and beautiful, a worthy home for a great people engaged in the fascinating task of building up a just and prosperous and graceful life.

 

Word Meaning:
Distinctions – a distinction or contrast between similar things or people
Creed – a system of religious belief; a  faith
Endeavour – earnest attempt
Earnest – resulting from or showing sincere and intense conviction
Fascinating – extremely interesting
Prosperous – successful in material terms; flourishing financially
Graceful – having or showing grace or elegance

Explanation of the Above Passage – Zakir promises to stay faithful to the legacy of our culture that has been continuing for so many years, despite where it has come from and who contributed in the making of it. He promises towards working for the whole of our nation’s ideas, customs and norms. He takes an oath to stay true-hearted to the country despite the barriers of language and religion, and work towards strengthening its power in the benefit of people irrespective of their caste, color or religion. He calls India his home and the citizens, his family. He is happy that his people have appointed him to lead this family for some time and he thinks that it is his honor to be able to work towards making his home powerful and heavenly – a place that is capable of keeping people entirely busy with constructing a lifestyle that is flourishing and elegant.

 

Passage – The family is big and is constantly growing at a rather inconveniently fast pace. We shall, each one of us, have to participate unsparingly in building its new life, each in his own way. For sheer size the tasks ahead of us are so demanding that no one can afford to sit back and just watch or let frustration become endemic in our country. The situation demands of us work, work and more work, silent and sincere work, solid and steady reconstruction of the whole material and cultural life of our people.

 

Word Meaning:
Inconveniently – in a way that causes trouble or problems, or that makes something more difficult
Unsparingly – without having mercy
Sheer – nothing other than; unmitigated (used for emphasis)
Frustration – the feeling of being upset or annoyed as a result of being unable to change or achieve something
Endemic – (of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area
Reconstruction – the process of building or creating something again that has been damaged or destroyed

Explanation of the Above Passage –Zakir calls the country his “family” that is continuously growing at an uncontrollable rate. He tells each one of us to contribute towards creating a new life in our own manner because in order to proceed towards development, none of us can manage to relax and observe and let the feeling of being upset or annoyed as a result of being unable to achieve something become a condition which is regularly found in our people. He could not emphasize more on the fact that we need to work hard consistently, silently and wholeheartedly in rebuilding the entire physical, social, and cultural life of our country.

 

Passage – This work, as I see it, has two aspects: work on one’s self and work for the society around. They are mutually fruitful aspects of work. The work on one’s self is to follow the urge towards moral development as a free person and under self-imposed discipline, which alone can render that development possible. Its end-product is a free moral personality. We can neglect the end- product only at our peril. This end-product cannot sustain itself without seeking and exercising itself to bring about the approximation of the society to which it is privileged to serve to a better, a juster and a more graceful way of life. The individual cannot grow in full perfection without a corresponding advance of the collective social existence. Let us resolve to get whole-heartedly engaged in these two aspects of work — individual and social.

 

Word Meaning:
Mutually – in a way that shows that two or more people or groups feel the same emotion, do the same thing with or for each other
Fruitful – producing good or helpful results; productive
Urge – a strong desire or impulse
Self-imposed – (of a task or circumstance) imposed on oneself, not by an external force
Neglect – fail to care for properly
Peril – serious and immediate danger
Sustain – strengthen or support physically or mentally
Approximation – coming near but not exactly
Juster – comparative degree of ‘just’ (more just)
Corresponding – analogous or equivalent in character, form, or function; comparable
Collective – done by people acting as a group
Social existence – living or preferring to live in a community rather than alone
Resolve – settle or find a solution to (a problem or contentious matter)
Whole-heartedly – with complete sincerity and commitment

Explanation of the Above Passage –The hard work that Zakir is asking the citizens to do comprises two types – one that involves working on oneself and the other, on its surroundings and environment. The work that one has to do on one’s own self includes walking towards the path concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior which is only possible with a lot of self-control. This would result in a “free moral personality” which can only be ignored at our own risk. He says that the results can only survive if they are put to use in creating a society that has an advantage to give its people a lifestyle which is fair, elegant and decent. Similarly, in order to transform into excellence, a person needs the same level of development from its society. Thus, he asks the audience to involve themselves entirely in making it possible by working both on themselves and the society.

 

Passage – This dual effort will give to the life of our State a special flavour. For the State to us will not be just an organisation of power but a moral organisation. It is a part of national temperament and inheritance from the great leader of our liberation movement, Mahatma Gandhi, that power should be used only for moral purposes. The peace of the strong is what we shall dedicate ourselves to work for.

Word Meaning:
Dual – consisting of two parts, elements or aspects
Temperament – a person’s or animal’s nature, especially as it permanently affects their behavior
Inheritance – something passed down from your parents to you
Liberation – the action of setting someone free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression; release
Dedicate – devote (time or effort) to a particular task or purpose

Explanation of the Above Passage –This two-folded attempt will change the circumstances of our nation for the better and has been referred to as the “special flavour”. It is important as the State is not only concerned with distributing authority and exercise of power but also morals, ethics and values. Use of power for righteous reasons is considered a part of our national behavior which has also been passed down from one of the great leaders of our history, Mahatma Gandhi. Thus, he asks us to commit ourselves in working towards strengthening the nation and maintaining peace within it.

 

Passage – I have full faith in my people that they will bring forth the energy requisite for the satisfactory performance of this dual task. It shall be my privilege to contribute my share to this enchanting enterprise. 

Word Meaning:
Forth – out and away from a starting point
Requisite – required, necessary
Privilege – a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group
Enchanting – delightfully charming or attractive

Explanation of the Above Passage – Zakir expresses his trust in the people of his country in bringing the necessary spirit to achieve great results in both self and societal development. He feels honored to be able to play his part in this delightful journey. 

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Bharat is my Home Question Answers

 

B.1 1.Complete the following sentences on the basis of the lesson:

  1. a) Dr Radhakrishnan never lost his faith in…………..
  2. b) Dr Radhakrishnan always championed……………
  3. c) Dr Zakir Husain entered the office of the President in a spirit of……………
  4. d) According to Dr Zakir Husain, the value remains…………….
  5. e) According to Dr Zakir Husain, education is…………………

 

Answer-

  1. a) Dr Radhakrishnan never lost his faith in the essential humanity of man. 
  2. b) Dr Radhakrishnan always championed the right of all men to live in dignity and with justice.
  3. c) Dr Zakir Husain entered the office of the President in a spirit of prayerful humility and total dedication.
  4. d) According to Dr Zakir Husain, the value remains eternally valid and presses for newer and fresher realisation.
  5. e) According to Dr Zakir Husain, education is a prime instrument of national purpose.

 

B.1. 2. Answer the following questions briefly:

1) What did Dr Radhakrishnan bring to the Presidency?

Answer-

Dr Radhakrishnan brought to the Presidency a mental equipment, a degree of erudition and wealth of experience rarely to be found anywhere.

 

2) What oath did Dr Zakir Husain take of?

Answer-

Zakir Husain took an oath of loyalty to the Constitution of India.

 

3) What is the business of education?

Answer-

It is the business of education to minister constant renewal. Education is a prime instrument of national purpose and quality of education is inescapably involved in the quality of the nation.

 

4) What did Dr Zakir Husain pledge himself to?

Answer-

Zakir Husain pledged himself to the loyalty of our past culture, service of the totality to our country’s culture. He pledged his loyalty to the country, irrespective of religion or language; and to work for its strength and progress and for the welfare of its people without distinctions of caste, colour or creed. 

 

5) What does ‘work on one’s self mean? What is its end-product?

Answer-

The work on one’s self is to follow the urge towards moral development as a free person and under self-imposed discipline, which alone can render that development possible. Its end-product is a free moral personality.

6) What shall we dedicate ourselves to?

Answer-

We shall dedicate ourselves to work for the peace of the strong.

 

7) When was Dr Zakir Husain born?

Answer- 

Zakir Husain was born on 8 February 1897.

 

8) How long did Dr Zakir Husain live?

Answer-

Zakir Husain lived for 72 years. He died on 3 May 1969.

 

9) On what occasion did Dr Zakir Husain deliver this speech?

Answer-

Dr Zakir Husain delivered this speech on the occasion of his election as the President of India in 1967.

 

10) Why does Dr Zakir Husain call India “the young State of an ancient people”? 

Answer-

Dr Zakir Husain called India “the young state of an ancient people” because through the long millennia and through cooperation of diverse ethnic elements, they have striven to realise timeless, absolute values in their own peculiar way.

 

C. 1. Long Answer Questions

  1. ‘This work, as I see it, has two aspects.’ What are the ‘two aspects of works’? Explain in your own words.

Answer- 

The hard work that Zakir is asking the citizens to do comprises two types – one that involves working on oneself and the other, on its surroundings and environment. The work that one has to do on one’s own self includes walking towards the path concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior which is only possible with a lot of self-control. This would result in a “free moral personality” which can only be ignored at our own risk. He says that the results can only survive if they are put to use in creating a society that has an advantage to give its people a lifestyle which is fair, elegant and decent. Similarly, in order to transform into excellence, a person needs the same level of development from its society. Thus, he asks the audience to involve themselves entirely in making it possible by working both on themselves and the society.

 

  1. What did Dr Zakir Husain say about material and cultural life, individual and social development, giving a special flavour to India?

Answer-

Dr Zakir Husain asked the citizens to resolve to get whole-heartedly engaged in these two aspects of work — individual and social. This dual effort will give to the life of our State a special flavour. For the State to us will not be just an organisation of power but a moral organisation. Use of power for righteous reasons is considered a part of our national behavior which has also been passed down from one of the great leaders of our history, Mahatma Gandhi. Thus, he asks us to commit ourselves in working towards strengthening the nation and maintaining peace within it.

 

  1. ‘Power should be used only for moral purposes.’ Explain.

Answer-

The peace of the strong is what we shall dedicate ourselves to work for. Dr Zakir Husain asked the citizens to resolve to get whole-heartedly engaged in these two aspects of work — individual and social. This dual effort will give to the life of our State a special flavour. For the State to us will not be just an organisation of power but a moral organisation. It is a part of national temperament and inheritance from the great leader of our liberation movement, Mahatma Gandhi, that “Power should be used only for moral purposes”. 

 

  1. The past is not dead and static.’ How does Zakir Husain emphasise the significance of past?

Answer- 

According to Dr Zakir Husain, we shall stay loyal to our culture that has been continuing for years. We should not mind where our past culture came from and who brought it. The important thing is that our past glory is of great value. Our past glory and culture are the basis on which the growth of our national culture and national character depends. Hence, the past is not dead and static, it is alive and dynamic and is involved in determining the quality of our present and the prospects of our future.

 

  1. What does Zakir Husain exhort us to do to build the new life of the nation?

Answer-

Zakir calls the country his “family” that is continuously growing at an uncontrollable rate. Zakir exhorted each one of us to participate unsparingly in building the new life of the nation, each in our own way. For sheer size the tasks ahead of us are so demanding that no one can afford to sit back and just watch or let frustration become endemic in our country.He could not emphasize more on the fact that we need to work hard consistently, silently and wholeheartedly in rebuilding the entire physical, social, and cultural life of our country.The hard work that Zakir is asking the citizens to do comprises two types – one that involves working on oneself and the other, on its surroundings and environment.

The work that one has to do on one’s own self includes walking towards the path concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior which is only possible with a lot of self-control. This would result in a “free moral personality” which can only be ignored at our own risk. He says that the results can only survive if they are put to use in creating a society that has an advantage to give its people a lifestyle which is fair, elegant and decent. Similarly, in order to transform into excellence, a person needs the same level of development from its society. Thus, he asks the audience to involve themselves entirely in making it possible by working both on themselves and the society.

 

  1. In what context does Dr Zakir Husain say “Bharat is my home”?

Answer-

In his presidential speech, Dr Zakir Husain explains how overwhelmed he is by the trust people have placed in him by electing him to the highest office in the land. He took an oath of loyalty to the Constitution of India. He pledged himself to the service of the totality to the country’s culture, irrespective of religion or language; He pledged himself to work for its strength and progress and for the welfare of its people without distinctions of caste, colour or creed. Hence, he called the whole of Bharat his home and its people his family. As the people chose him to be the head of this family for a certain time, he considered it his earnest endeavour to seek to make this home strong and beautiful, a worthy home for a great people engaged in the fascinating task of building up a just and prosperous and graceful life.

 

C. 2. GROUP DISCUSSION

Discuss the following in groups or pairs:

  1. Living in a big family has more merits than demerits.

Answer-

Living in a big family means you always have someone by your side no matter what the situation is. They guide you and support you. You get to learn from your relatives and cousins. Siblings learn how to share their belongings and how to live in harmony with each other which makes them more responsible. However, there may be a lot of arguments. With so many personalities in the household, there are times when family members do not get on but it is times like these that teach you how to deal with confrontations and make peace afterwards. Feeling of competition may arise but if seen from a different perspective, healthy competition is good for growth. There are less chances of anyone feeling lonely as people may bond with each other. Doing stuff like eating, going out and spending leisure time together brings about the feeling of oneness and motivates you to achieve better things in life.

 

  1. Quality of education shapes the quality of nation.

Answer-

Nelson Mandela once said, 

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world”.

Education forces young minds to become capable of critical thinking. This is why quality education is linked with quality life in the future as it enables individuals to assess what is fair and what is not. It helps build perspective. It is the citizens who create societies and civilizations. Hence, quality education is the backbone of a nation. It ensures economic prosperity of the country, builds a productive, socially competent and efficient human race, ensures an environment conducive to justice, non-discrimination, cooperation and tolerance. Good education is able to ensure social peace and stability by accelerating physical fitness, morality and creativity. Thus, it is true that the quality of education shapes the quality of a nation. 

 

  1. It is neither scientific progress nor material prosperity but its people with strong character that make a nation great and strong.

Answer-

Citizens create societies and civilizations. Our ancestors believed in the moral development of human beings more than in the material development of science. It is not that they did not have the means to make scientific inventions but they simply believed in making the foundation of a man strong. Our civilisation has always promoted sticking to values and morals, to not overindulge in luxuries, to restrict our wants by imposing self-control because humans with strong will-power and character are destined for greater things and even greater satisfaction in life than any material obsessions can.

 

C. 3. COMPOSITION

Write a paragraph in about 100 words on each of the following:

a) Write a summary of Dr Zakir Husain’s speech in about 150 words.

Answer-

In his presidential speech, Dr Zakir Husain confesses how he is flooded with emotions after seeing the confidence his people have placed in him. He praises Dr Radhakrishnan for his contributions during his time as the President. Zakir swore his loyalty to the Constitution of India and towards working for the whole nation. According to him, it is education that brings continuous change in the mindset of a population. He calls India his home and the citizens, his family. He emphasized that we need to work hard in order to rebuild the entire nation. The hard work comprises two types – working on oneself and on the society. This will add a “special flavour”. He mentions how use of power for the right reasons is a part of our national behavior and was also followed by the great leader, Mahatma Gandhi. Thus, he asks us to commit ourselves in working towards strengthening the nation and maintaining peace within it. 

 

b) Write a short essay in about 150 words on ‘Unity in diversity’.

Answer-

Unity in diversity is used as an expression of harmony and unity between dissimilar individuals or groups. It refers to the state of togetherness or oneness in spite of the presence of huge differences. It signifies oneness among individuals who have certain differences among them on the basis of culture, language, religion, ideology, sect, race, ethnicity, etc. India is a prime illustration of “Unity in Diversity” as people from many cultures, religions, lifestyles, faith in God, dialects, dressing sense and social statuses coexist together with peace and love. People respect the opinion and space of each and every one. It reduces the chances of riots and disturbances. The freedom struggle of India can be considered as a magnificent example. The story of India’s unity amid variety is remarkable because it conveys a clear message that the country is more powerful than any religion or community in particular.

 

c) Write a speech to be delivered on Teachers’ Day justifying the celebration of Dr Radhakrishnan’s birthday as Teachers’ Day.

Answer-

Dr Radhakrishnan once said, 

“True teachers are those who help us think for ourselves”

Teachers’ Day is celebrated in India on September 5, the birthday of the former President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a well-known scholar, and teacher. A philosopher and a guru, he contributed greatly to the education of India. He worked as a vice-chancellor of University of Delhi (DU) and Banaras Hindu University (BHU). He had worked as a lecturer in many universities across India including the University of Calcutta, University of Mysore, etc. He was the author of the book – The Principles of Upanishads. 

Dr Radhakrishnan’s perspective on education was very different. He believed that the right kind of education imparted by a teacher can help in removing numerous societal issues and superstitious beliefs. He wanted to bring about a drastic change in the Indian education system. He emphasized that a teacher and a student must have a good understanding and relationship that promotes imparting and gaining knowledge. 

Thus, to mark his wisdom, knowledge and contribution in the development of the country and its students, the future citizens, a few students proposed this idea of celebrating Teacher’s day on his birthday to which he replied, “Instead of celebrating my birthday, it would be my proud privilege if 5 September is observed as Teacher’s day”.

 

d) You have been elected as the President of your school’s Student Council. Make a diary entry about changes you propose to introduce for the betterment of your school. 

Answer-

 

12 August, 2022

 

Dear diary, 

All my hard work paid off today as I got appointed as the President of our school’s Student Council. I am very excited and determined to act in this power because there are a few changes that I would like to introduce in our school. 

Beginning with health, I believe a lot can be improved in our cafeteria menu by introducing healthier lunch options such as juices, salads and fruits. A 15 minute meditation break between classes can be introduced to calm the minds of teachers and students for better productivity. In terms of cleanliness, the drinking water taps need to be cleaned and serviced regularly. More and more sports activities can be promoted so that the students remain physically active. Lastly, our library can have an entire section of newspapers in different languages to promote learning multiple languages.

In order to accomplish this, I would need a thorough proposal to present in front of the Student Council and our Principal ma’am. I wish I am able to fulfill my duties properly.

 

D. WORD STUDY

D.1. Dictionary Use

Ex. 1. Correct the spelling of the following words:

   

confes overwelmed errudition 
prayfull  prejumption inascapably 

 

Answer-

Confes- confess

overwelmed- overwhelmed   

errudition- erudition

Prayfull- prayerful         

prejumption- presumption     

Inascapably- Inescapably

 

Ex. 2. Look up a dictionary and write two meanings of the following words — the one in which it is used in the lesson and the other which is more common.

 

brought  degree enter dead renewal

                  

 

Answer-

Brought –

As per lesson- come with (him)

As per common usage-  take or go with (someone or something) to a place

 

Degree-

As per lesson- the amount, level, or extent to which something happens or is present

As per common usage- the course of study in a university

 

Enter-

As per lesson- come or go into a place

As per common usage- write or key information in a book, computer, etc

 

Dead-

As per lesson- no longer living

As per common usage- complete or absolute silence

 

Renewal-

As per lesson- starting again

As per common usage- extension of time for which it is valid

 

D. 2. Word-formation

Read carefully the following sentence taken from the lesson:

The process of its constant renewal is indeed, the process of growth of national culture and national character. 

In the above sentence the word ‘renewal’ is derived from the adjective ‘new’ by adding a suffix ‘-al’ and a prefix ‘re-‘ to it.

 

Point out which words the following are derived from:

 

renewal myself  totality  constantly  building

 

Answer-

Renewal- new

Myself- my

Totality- total

Constantly- constant

Building- build

 

D. 3. Word-meaning

Ex. 1. Match the words given in Column A with their meanings given in Column B:

 

Column A Column B
requisite promise
peril racial
presumption necessary
ethnic threat
pledge opinion

 

Answer-

 

Column A Column B
requisite necessary
peril threat
presumption opinion
ethnic racial
pledge promise

 

Ex. 2. Fill in the blanks with suitable adjectives:

 

new special dual  long  prayerful

                        

  1. a) Dr Zakir Husain entered the office in a spirit of _______ humility.
  2. b) It is a constitution of a _______ State.
  3. c) The choice of this office has been made due to ________ association.
  4. d) This ________ effort will give to the life of our state a ______ flavour. 

 

Answer-

  1. a) Dr Zakir Husain entered the office in a spirit of prayerful
  2. b) It is a constitution of a comparatively new
  3. c) The choice of this office has been made due to long educational
  4. d) This dual effort will give to the life of our state a special

 

D. 4. Phrases

Ex.1. Read the lesson carefully and find out the sentences in which the following phrases have been used. Then use these phrases in sentences of your own:

 

pursuit of bring to approximation of  bring forth

                                  

Answer-

Pursuit of 

From the lesson – During a lifetime devoted to the pursuit of knowledge and truth, he has done more than probably any other man to bring out and explain Indian philosophical thought and the oneness of all true spiritual values.

Other sentence – She would do anything in pursuit of wealth and fame

 

Bring to

From the lesson –

Other sentence – In order to elect the right CEO, it was important to bring to light each candidate’s strengths and weaknesses.

 

Approximation of

From the lesson – This end-product cannot sustain itself without seeking and exercising itself to bring about the approximation of the society to which it is privileged to serve to a better, a juster and a more graceful way of life.

Other sentence – Approximation of decimals is a mathematical technique for locating estimated values and limiting the number of decimal places.

 

Bring forth

From the lesson – I have full faith in my people that they will bring forth the energy requisite for the satisfactory performance of this dual task

Other sentence – He has no idea what the day will bring forth.

 

E . GRAMMAR

Read the following sentences from the lesson carefully:

I must confess that………….

I can only assure you that……..

Mark the use of modal auxiliaries – ‘must’ and ‘can’ – in the sentences given above.

 

Ex.1. Find out other modal auxiliaries used in the lesson and tell the specific meaning in which these modal auxiliaries have been used. 

 

Answer-

Must – bound to

Can – be capable of

May – possibility

I may be forgiven – please forgive me

 

F. Activity

Dr Zakir Husain leas upon Dr Radhakristman as his role-model. Interview five well known persons in your locality and find out 

  1. Who did they look upon as their role-model?
  2. Why did they look upon someone as their role model?

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BSEB Class 12 English Lessons Explanation

 

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