Iswaran the Storyteller Summary, Explanation, Word meanings Class 9

 

Iswaran the Storyteller Summary

 

CBSE Class 9 English Chapter 3 Iswaran the Storyteller Summary, Line by Line Explanation along with Difficult Word Meanings from Moments Book

 
Iswaran the Storyteller– Here is the Class 9 English Moments Book Chapter 3 Iswaran the Storyteller Summary and Detailed explanation of the Lesson along with meanings of difficult words
 

Iswaran the Storyteller Class 9 English Chapter 3

 

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Introduction

The title of this chapter- “Iswaran the storyteller” tells us that this story is about Iswaran. He is called the storyteller because as storytelling is an art, he is good at it. Iswaran uses special effects, does voice modulation, uses his body language to make the story realistic so that the listener, i.e. Mahendra gets attracted and captivated in his story. The writer wants to highlight this quality of Iswaran – that he was so good at telling stories that they appeared to be real. His stories were a source of entertainment for Mahendra.
 
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Iswaran the Storyteller Summary

Iswaran’s story was told to Ganesh by Mahendra who worked as a junior supervisor at different construction sites. As Mahendra was unmarried, he was able to live in the temporary shelters provided by the construction company. Iswaran accompanied Mahendra wherever he went. He was an advantage to him as he provided him company, cooked food for him and even washed his clothes. Mahendra says that Iswaran would gather all the things required to prepare a meal within no time. Every morning Mahendra would get ready, eat his breakfast, take his lunch along and go for his work. In the meantime, Iswaran would clean the living place, wash the clothes, take a bath, eat his lunch, read his favorite Tamil story book and take a nap. In the evening, Iswaran would entertain Mahendra with his stories. He had the art of storytelling as he would use his body gestures, facial expressions and voice modulation in order to bring his characters to life. Even though the stories seemed untrue, Iswaran narrated them in such a unique way that Mahendra listened to him with curiosity. Iswaran would start a story with an introduction, he would lay the background of the character, followed by the story. He described a simple incident in such detail, along with actions that it would create suspense in the listener’s mind. Once he told Mahendra the story of an elephant that had escaped from the jungle and entered the town. The beast reached Iswaran’s school. As it destroyed the school property, all the students locked themselves up in the classroom. At that time, Iswaran was studying in one of the junior classes. He was watching the   incident from the rooftop. He took a stick from the teacher and came down stairs, in the ground. He walked towards the elephant as it threatened to attack him. Iswaran was not scared of it. He gathered all his strength and hit the elephant on its toenail quickly. This attack stunned the elephant, it fainted and fell on the ground. He did not complete the story and said that he was getting late for the dinner. He went to get the dinner but Mahendra was curious to know what happened next. As Iswaran did not continue with the story, Mahendra had to remind him that the ending was pending. Then Iswaran said that a veterinary doctor was called. He brought the elephant back to consciousness and after two days a mahout was called who took the elephant back to the jungle. Mahendra asked Iswaran that how did he manage to overpower the huge beast. Iswaran replied that he used the technique of a Japanese martial art which was either Karate or Jujitsu. He had read about it somewhere, that the martial art was able to make a person unconscious by paralyzing the nervous system.Everyday Iswaran would narrate one or the other story which was entertaining for him and fulfilled the absence of a television in his living quarter. One morning Iswaran asked permission to cook a special dinner as it was the day when they cooked meal for the dead elders of the family. That evening Mahendra enjoyed a tasty meal and complimented Iswaran on his cooking skills. As Mahendra was relaxing after the meal, to his dislike, Iswaran started narrating a story related to ghosts and supernatural powers. He said that the factory area where they lived was earlier a burial ground.oO the very first day, he had seen a human skull lying around. He added that he was not afraid of ghosts and saw many bones and skulls. On a full moon night, he saw an ugly ghost of a woman who had a shrunken face, matted hair and held an unborn baby in its arms. Mahendra was uneasy and scolded Iswaran for talking nonsense. He said that Ghosts did not exist and ordered him to get himself examined as he thought that he had gone mad. Since that day, Mahendra felt uneasy and would peep out of the window in order to check the presence of any ghost around. One night, Mahendra woke up from his sleep as he heard someone crying.At first, he thought that it was a catlooking for mice.  As the sound became more harsh and deep, Mahendra could not ignore it and gave into the desire of peeping out of the window. As he looked out, he saw the white moonlight and a dark shadow holding a bundle in its arms. As he saw the ghost he started sweating, breathing heavily and fell back on the bed. After sometime, Mahindra thought that probably his subconscious mind was playing a trick on him and actually there was no ghost. He got ready the next morning and had forgotten the incident of the previous night. Iswaran greeted him and gave him his lunch bag. He said that a few days ago Mahendra had scolded him for discussing the ghost but last night he saw it himself. Iswaran had heard Mahendra crying at night. It was confirmed that Mahendra had seen the ghost the previous night and it was not a trick played by his mind. Once again, Mahendra was frightened, he left in a hurry and resigned from the job. He could not live at a haunted place for a single day.
 
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Iswaran the Storyteller Summary in Hindi

ईश्वरन की कहानी महेंद्र ने गणेश को सुनाई, जो विभिन्न निर्माण स्थलों पर कनिष्ठ पर्यवेक्षक के रूप में काम करता था। महेंद्र अविवाहित होने के कारण निर्माण कंपनी द्वारा प्रदान किए गए अस्थायी आश्रयों में रहने में सक्षम था।
ईश्वरन जहां भी जाते महेंद्र के साथ जाते थे। वह उसके लिए एक फायदा था क्योंकि वह उसे साथ देता था, उसके लिए खाना बनाता था और यहां तक ​​कि उसके कपड़े भी धोता था।
महेंद्र का कहना था कि ईश्वरन कुछ ही समय में भोजन तैयार करने के लिए आवश्यक सभी चीजें इकट्ठा कर लेता था । हर सुबह महेंद्र तैयार हो जाता, नाश्ता करता, दोपहर का भोजन साथ ले , अपने काम पर चला जाता।
इस बीच, ईश्वरन रहने की जगह की सफाई करता, कपड़े धोता, नहाता, दोपहर का भोजन करता, अपनी पसंदीदा तामिल कहानी की किताब पढ़ता और झपकी लेता। शाम को ईश्वरन अपनी कहानियों से महेंद्र का मनोरंजन करता । उनके पास कहानी कहने की कला थी क्योंकि वे अपने पात्रों को जीवंत करने के लिए अपने शरीर के हावभाव, चेहरे के भाव और आवाज को बदल लेते थे।
भले ही कहानियाँ असत्य लग रही थीं, ईश्वरन ने उन्हें इतने अनोखे तरीके से सुनाया कि महेंद्र ने उन्हें उत्सुकता से सुना। ईश्वरन एक परिचय के साथ एक कहानी शुरू करता, वह चरित्र की पृष्ठभूमि रखता, उसके बाद कहानी सुनाता ।
उन्होंने एक साधारण घटना का इतना विस्तार से वर्णन किया, साथ ही उन कार्यों का भी वर्णन किया जो सुनने वाले के मन में रहस्य पैदा कर दें।
एक बार उसने महेन्द्र को एक हाथी की कहानी सुनाई जो जंगल से भागकर नगर में प्रवेश कर गया था। जानवर ईश्वरन के स्कूल पहुंचा। जैसे ही इसने स्कूल की संपत्ति को नष्ट किया , सभी छात्रों ने खुद को कक्षा में बंद कर लिया , उस समय ईश्वरन एक जूनियर क्लास में पढ़ता था। वह छत से घटना को देख रहा था।
उसने शिक्षक से एक छड़ी ली और सीढ़ियों से नीचे जमीन पे आ गया। वह हाथी की ओर चला गया क्योंकि उसने उस पर हमला करने की धमकी दी थी।
ईश्वरन इससे डरते नहीं थे। उसने अपनी सारी ताकत इकट्ठी की और हाथी को उसके पैर के नाखून पर जल्दी से मारा। इस हमले से हाथी स्तब्ध रह गया, वह बेहोश होकर जमीन पर गिर पड़ा। उसने कहानी पूरी नहीं की और कहा कि उसे रात के खाने में देर हो रही है।
वह खाना खाने गया लेकिन महेंद्र जानने को उत्सुक था कि आगे क्या हुआ। जैसा कि ईश्वरन ने कहानी जारी नहीं की, महेंद्र को उसे याद दिलाना पड़ा कि अंत लंबित था। तब ईश्वरन ने कहा कि पशु चिकित्सक को बुलाया गया है। वह हाथी को वापस होश में ले आया और दो दिनों के बाद एक महावत को बुलाया गया जो हाथी को वापस जंगल में ले गया।
महेंद्र ने ईश्वरन से पूछा कि उसने विशाल जानवर पर काबू पाने का प्रबंधन कैसे किया। ईश्वरन ने उत्तर दिया कि उन्होंने एक जापानी मार्शल आर्ट की तकनीक का इस्तेमाल किया जो या तो कराटे या जुजित्सु थी।
उन्होंने इसके बारे में कहीं पढ़ा था, कि मार्शल आर्ट नर्वस सिस्टम को लकवा मारकर इंसान को बेहोश करने में सक्षम है। ईश्वरन हर दिन कोई न कोई कहानी सुनाते थे जो उनके लिए मनोरंजक थी और उनके रहने वाले क्वार्टर में टेलीविजन की अनुपस्थिति को पूरा करती थी।
एक सुबह ईश्वरन ने एक विशेष रात का खाना बनाने की अनुमति मांगी क्योंकि यह वह दिन था जब उन्होंने परिवार के मृत बुजुर्गों के लिए भोजन बनाना था। उस शाम महेंद्र ने स्वादिष्ट भोजन का आनंद लिया और ईश्वरन को उसके खाना पकाने के कौशल के लिए बधाई दी।
जैसे ही महेंद्र भोजन के बाद आराम कर रहा था, ईश्वरन ने अपनी नापसंदगी के लिए भूतों और अलौकिक शक्तियों से संबंधित एक कहानी सुनाना शुरू कर दिया।
उन्होंने कहा कि जिस फैक्ट्री क्षेत्र में वे रहते थे, वह पहले एक कब्रगाह थी। पहले ही दिन, उन्होंने एक मानव खोपड़ी को चारों ओर पड़ा हुआ देखा था। उन्होंने कहा कि वह भूतों से नहीं डरते थे और कई हड्डियों और खोपड़ियों को देखा था ।
एक पूर्णिमा की रात को, उसने एक महिला का एक बदसूरत भूत देखा, जिसका चेहरा सिकुड़ा हुआ था, बाल उलझे हुए था और एक अजन्मे बच्चे को गोद में लिए हुए था। महेंद्र बेचैन था और उसने ईश्वरन को बकवास बात करने के लिए डांटा। उन्होंने कहा कि भूत नहीं नहीं होते हैं और उन्हें खुद की जांच करने का आदेश दिया क्योंकि उन्हें लगा कि वह पागल हो गए हैं।
एक रात महेंद्र की नींद खुली तो उसने किसी के रोने की आवाज सुनी। पहले तो उसने सोचा कि यह एक बिल्ली है जो चूहों की तलाश में है। जैसे-जैसे ध्वनि अधिक कठोर और गहरी होती गई, महेंद्र इसे अनदेखा नहीं कर सका और खिड़की से बाहर झाँकने के बारे में सोचने लगा।
जैसे ही उसने बाहर देखा, उसने सफेद चाँदनी और एक अंधेरी छाया को अपनी बाहों में एक बंडल पकड़े हुए देखा। जब उसने भूत को देखा तो उसे पसीना आने लगा, साँस लेने लगी और वह वापस बिस्तर पर गिर पड़ा। कुछ देर बाद महिंद्रा ने सोचा कि शायद उसका अवचेतन मन उसके साथ कोई चाल चल रहा है और वास्तव में कोई भूत नहीं है।
वह अगली सुबह तैयार हो गया और पिछली रात की घटना को भूल गया था। ईश्वरन ने उनका अभिवादन किया और उन्हें अपना लंच बैग दिया। उन्होंने कहा कि कुछ दिन पहले महेंद्र ने भूत की चर्चा करने पर उन्हें डांटा था लेकिन कल रात उन्होंने खुद देखा.
ईश्वरन ने महेंद्र को रात में रोते हुए सुना था। इस बात की पुष्टि हुई कि महेंद्र ने पिछली रात भूत को देखा था और यह उसके दिमाग की चाल नहीं थी। एक बार फिर महेन्द्र घबरा गया, उसने जल्दबाजी में छोड़ दिया और नौकरी से इस्तीफा दे दिया। वह एक दिन भी भूतिया जगह पर नहीं रह सकता था।
 
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Iswaran the Story Teller Video Explanation

 

 
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Iswarin the Storyteller Explanation

Passage – The story was narrated to Ganesh by a young man, Mahendra by name. He was a junior supervisor in a firm which offered on hire supervisors at various types of construction sites: factories, bridges, dams, and so on. Mahendra’s job was to keep an eye on the activities at the work site. He had to keep moving from place to place every now and then as ordered by his head office: from a coal mining area to a railway bridge construction site, from there after a few months to a chemical plant which was coming up somewhere.

Word meaning
Supervisor: a person whose job is to check the work of all the other people

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra narrated a story about his cook Iswaran to Ganesh. Mahendra worked as a junior supervisor in a company which provided junior supervisors to various construction companies on rent. He got posted at different sites like factories, bridges and dams which were under construction. Mahendra’s work was to keep an eye on all the workers at the site. He had to change places often and worked at various places like a coal mine, railway bridge construction site and the construction site of a chemical plant.

Passage – He was a bachelor. His needs were simple and he was able to adjust himself to all kinds of odd conditions, whether it was an ill equipped circuit house or a makeshift canvas tent in the middle of a stone quarry. But one asset he had was his cook, Iswaran. The cook was quite attached to Mahendra and followed him uncomplainingly wherever he was posted. He cooked for Mahendra, washed his clothes and chatted away with his master at night. He could weave out endless stories and anecdotes on varied subjects.

Word meaning
Bachelor: a person who is unmarried
Makeshift: temporary
Quarry: mine
Asset: advantage
Anecdote: A short amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person

Explanation of the above passage – As Mahendra was unmarried, he did not have a family, he was able to live in these temporary quarters provided at the construction sites. He adjusted well in the circuit houses which did not provide the basic amenities or even the tents which were temporary in nature. Mahendra had an advantage – he was accompanied by his cook Iswaran. Iswaran was very close to Mahendra and accompanied him everywhere. He did not complain about the tough conditions in which he had to live. He cooked food for him, washed his clothes and gave him company by talking to him at night. Iswaran had a quality- that he was good at telling stories and he entertained Mahindra with his stories which were based on different subjects.

Passage – Iswaran also had an amazing capacity to produce vegetables and cooking ingredients, seemingly out of nowhere, in the middle of a desolate landscape with no shops visible for miles around. He would miraculously conjure up the most delicious dishes made with fresh vegetables within an hour of arriving at the zinc sheet shelter at the new workplace.

Word meaning
Desolate: uninhabited, empty
Conjure up: to gather or create with magic
Zinc sheet shelter: a temporary place to live with the roof made of metallic sheets

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra tells Ganesh that Iswaran was a great cook. Whenever they shifted to a new location, he would gather all the vegetables and other ingredients required by him to cook in no time. As they lived at places which was not inhabited by many people,  in temporary shelters with roofs made of metallic sheets, it seemed as if he would do some magic and gather all the ingredients out of nowhere.

Passage – Mahendra would be up early in the morning and leave for work after breakfast, carrying some prepared food with him. Meanwhile Iswaran would tidy up the shed, wash the clothes, and have a leisurely bath, pouring several buckets of water over his head, muttering a prayer all the while. It would be lunchtime by then. After eating, he would read for a while before dozing off. The book was usually some popular Tamil thriller running to hundreds of pages. Its imaginative descriptions and narrative flourishes would hold Iswaran in thrall.

Word meaning
Muttering: speaking in a low voice
Dozing off: falling asleep
Narrative flourishes: detailed descriptions
In thrall: The state of being in someone’s power

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra would wake up early in the morning, get ready and leave for work after eating his breakfast. He would carry his lunch along with him. After he left, Iswaran would clean their living place, wash Mahendra’s clothes and have a nice bath. He would take many buckets of water and pour water on his head while mumbling a prayer. After that he would eat his lunch and read his favourite book in Tamil language. Iswaran would get carried away with the details and descriptions given in the books that he read. Then, he would go off to sleep.

Passage – His own descriptions were greatly influenced by the Tamil authors that he read. When he was narrating even the smallest of incidents, he would try to work in suspense and a surprise ending into the account. For example, instead of saying that he had come across an uprooted tree on the highway, he would say, with eyebrows suitably arched and hands held out in a dramatic gesture, “The road was deserted and I was all alone. Suddenly I spotted something that looked like an enormous bushy beast lying sprawled across the road. I was half inclined to turn and go back. But as I came closer I saw that it was a fallen tree, with its dry branches spread out.” Mahendra would stretch himself back in his canvas chair and listen to Iswaran’s tales uncritically.

Word meaning
Arched: curved
Gesture: A movement of hands for head to indicate something
Deserted: empty
Enormous: huge

Explanation of the above passage – As Iswaran read stories with detailed descriptions, he narrated them in the same way. Mahendra recollects that he would narrate even a small incident with a lot of suspense and surprise which made it very interesting for the listener. Then he gives an example that instead of saying that he was walking down the highway and he came across a tree which had broken and had fallen on the road, Iswaran would use his facial expressions and bodily gestures to narrate it. He would say that the road was empty and he was all alone. This would create suspense in the listener’s mind. Then he would say that all of a sudden he saw that a huge beast was lying across the road. As he walked ahead, his mind was telling him to turn and go back. As he reached closer, he saw that it was a tree that had fallen and was lying on the road. The branches of the tree had spread out and seemed as if it was a huge beast. Mahendra says that this talent of Iswaran made the simple story very interesting and it captivated him. Although he knew that some of the stories were not true, but the way in which Iswaran narrated them was so interesting that Mahendra would not say anything and listened to him quietly.

Passage – “The place I come from is famous for timber,” Iswaran would begin. “There is a richly wooded forest all around. The logs are hauled on to the lorries by elephants. They are huge well fed beasts. When they turn wild even the most experienced mahout is not able to control them.” After this prologue Iswaran would launch into an elaborate anecdote involving an elephant.

Word meaning
Timber: wood that has been processed for commercial purposes
Hauled: transported
Prologue: an introductory speech
Elaborate: detailed

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra recollects another story told by Iswaran. Iswaran said that his native village was surrounded by a huge forest which was full of trees. The huge logs of timber were sold for commercial purposes. They were transported onto the vehicles by elephants. They were huge elephants and if they became mad, they would get out of control and the mahout would not be able to tame them. This introductory session was followed by a detailed story involving an elephant.

Passage – “One day a tusker escaped from the timber yard and began to roam about, stamping on bushes, tearing up wild creepers and breaking branches at will. You know, sir, how an elephant behaves when it goes mad.” Iswaran would get so caught up in the excitement of his own story that he would get up from the floor and jump about, stamping his feet in emulation of the mad elephant.

Word meaning
Tusker:  an elephant
roam about: move around
Stamping:  hitting with force
Emulation: Effort to match or surpass a person by imitation or copying

Explanation of the above passage – The story was narrated as follows. One day, an elephant escaped from the timber yard and roamed around the forest. It stepped on the bushes and crushed them, tore the creeper plants and broke branches of trees which came in its way. Iswaran asked Mahendra whether he knew how a mad elephant behaved.  In order to make his story more effective, Iswaran stood up and jumped around the place, hitting his foot on the ground in order to copy the actions of the mad elephant.

Passage – “The elephant reached the outskirts of our town; breaking the fences down like matchsticks,” he would continue. “It came into the main road and smashed all the stalls selling fruits, mud pots and clothes. People ran helter skelter in panic! The elephant now entered a school ground where children were playing, breaking through the brick wall. All the boys ran into the classrooms and shut the doors tight. The beast grunted and wandered about, pulling out the football goal post, tearing down the volleyball net, kicking and flattening the drum kept for water, and uprooting the shrubs. Meanwhile all the teachers had climbed up to the terrace of the school building; from there they helplessly watched the depredations of the elephant. There was not a soul below on the ground. The streets were empty as if the inhabitants of the entire town had suddenly disappeared.

Word meaning
Outskirts:  outer area
helter skelter: here and there
Panic:  sudden fear causing unthinkable behaviour
Grunted:  Made a loud sound
Depredations: Attacks which are made to destroy something

Explanation of the above passage – As the elephant reached the outer boundary of their town, it broke the fences. The fences seemed as if they were like matchsticks for the huge elephant. The elephant reached the main road and broke all the stalls selling different things like fruits, mud pots and clothes. The people were taken unaware and so, they ran here and there. Then it broke the wall of a school and entered the ground where the students were playing.  All the students ran back into their classrooms and closed the doors. The elephant made loud noises and roamed around in the school ground. It broke the goal post in the football ground, tore the net that had been put up in the volleyball court, stepped on the water drum and broke it and tore many plants as well. The teachers had climbed onto the roof of the school building and watched helplessly as the elephant destroyed the school property. There was not even a single person to be seen around. All the streets of the town were empty as all the people was scared of the  mad elephant.

Passage – “I was studying in the junior class at that time, and was watching the whole drama from the rooftop. I don’t know what came over me suddenly. I grabbed a cane from the hands of one of the teachers and ran down the stairs and into the open. The elephant grunted and menacingly swung a branch of a tree which it held in its trunk. It stamped its feet, kicking up a lot of mud and dust. It looked frightening. But I moved slowly towards it, stick in hand. People were watching the scene hypnotized from nearby housetops. The elephant looked at me redeyed, ready to rush towards me. It lifted its trunk and trumpeted loudly. At that moment I moved forward and, mustering all my force, whacked its third toenail on the quick. The beast looked stunned for a moment; then it shivered from head to foot — and collapsed.”

Word meaning
Hypnotize: to influence, control or direct completely as by personal charm, words or domination
Mastering: putting together
whacked:  hit noisily
Collapsed: fell

Explanation of the above passage – At the time of the incident, Iswaran was studying in one of the junior classes in the school. He was watching the elephant from the rooftop.  Suddenly,  he took the stick from one of the teachers and ran downstairs towards the school ground. The elephant made a loud noise when he saw a small boy approaching  it.  It lifted a branch of a tree in its trunk, hit its foot on the ground which threw a lot of mud and dust in the air. The elephant was threatening Iswaran but the boy was not afraid of it.  With the stick in his hand, he moved towards the elephant, slowly.  Many people had climbed on to the rooftops of their houses and were watching the incident. They were standing still and were awestruck, waiting to see what happened next.  Iswaran saw that the elephant had red – coloured eyes which were full of anger. It again lifted its trunk and made a loud trumpet sound as it was about to attack Iswaran.  Just then, Iswaran gathered all his force, and hit the elephant’s third toenail, quickly.  The elephant was stunned at what had happened, then it reacted by shivering all over, fainted and fell on the ground, unconscious.

Passage – At this point Iswaran would leave the story unfinished, and get up mumbling, “I will be back after lighting the gas and warming up the dinner.” Mahendra who had been listening with rapt attention would be left hanging. When he returned, Iswaran would not pick up the thread of the story right away. Mahendra would have to remind him that the conclusion was pending. “Well, a veterinary doctor was summoned to revive the animal,” Iswaran would shrug casually. “Two days later it was led away by its mahout to the jungle.”

Word meaning
rapt attention: completely fascinated or absorbed by what one is seeing or hearing
pick up the thread of the story: would not restart the story from where he left in order to arouse curiosity
veterinary doctor: a doctor who specializes in treating animals
Summoned: called
Shrug: to raise one’s shoulders slightly and momentarily to express doubt, ignorance, or indifference

Explanation of the above passage – After this, Iswaran would leave the story incomplete. In a low voice he would say that he would return after lighting the gas stove to warm the dinner as they were getting late for the meal. Mahendra would be curious to know what happened next and would feel disappointed that Iswaran had left the story unfinished.  On returning, he would not continue with story as he wanted to arouse curiosity in Mahendra.  Mahendra who would be eager to know the ending, would ask Iswaran to conclude the story.  Iswaran would just say casually that a veterinary doctor was called to bring the elephant back to consciousness and after two days, the mahout would take the elephant back to the jungle.

Passage – “Well, how did you manage to do it, Iswaran — how did you bring down the beast?”

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra was curious to know that how did the young Iswaran manage to overpower the huge elephant.

Passage – “It has something to do with a Japanese art, I think, sir. Karate or jujitsu it is called. I had read about it somewhere. It temporarily paralyses the nervous system, you see.”

Explanation of the above passage – Iswaran said that he performed a Japanese martial art.  He said it was either Karate or jujitsu. He had read about it somewhere that the martial art rendered a person unconscious by disrupting the nervous system.

Passage – Not a day passed without Iswaran recounting some story packed with adventure, horror and suspense. Whether the story was credible or not, Mahendra enjoyed listening to it because of the inimitable way in which it was told. Iswaran seemed to more than make up for the absence of a TV in Mahendra’s living quarters.

Word meaning
Credible: able to be believed; convincing
Inimitable: Unique

Explanation of the above passage – Everyday Iswaran would narrate one or the other story full of adventure, horror and thrill. Sometimes Mahendra felt that the story was a fiction but still, he enjoyed listening to it because of the unique way in which it was narrated by Iswaran. As there was no television set at the place where they lived, these stories  were a source of entertainment for Mahendra.

Passage – One morning when Mahendra was having breakfast Iswaran asked, “Can I make something special for dinner tonight, sir? After all today is an auspicious day — according to tradition we prepare various delicacies to feed the spirits of our ancestors today, sir.”

Word meaning
Auspicious: good
Delicacies: tasty food
Spirits: souls of the dead
Ancestors: elders of the family

Explanation of the above passage – One morning, Mahendra was having his breakfast. Iswaran asked him if he could prepare a special meal for dinner as it was a good day.  He added that on that day, they prepared special food for the souls of the dead elders of the family.

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Passage – That night Mahendra enjoyed the most delicious dinner and complimented Iswaran on his culinary skills. He seemed very pleased but, unexpectedly, launched into a most garish account involving the supernatural.

Word meaning
culinary skills: related to cooking
Garish: something which is too colourful and fancy that it is disliked
Supernatural: related to ghosts and spirits

Explanation of the above passage – Iswaran had preparing a delicious dinner and Mahendra praised his cooking skills. Iswaran was happy on being praised but all of a sudden started narrating a detailed story relating to ghosts and supernatural powers which was disliked by Mahendra.

Passage – “You know, sir, this entire factory area we are occupying was once a burial ground,” he started. Mahendra was jerked out of the pleasant reverie he had drifted into after the satisfying meal. “I knew on the first day itself when I saw a human skull lying on the path. Even now I come across a number of skulls and bones,” Iswaran continued.

Word Meaning
Reverie: a state of being pleasantly lost in one’s thoughts; a daydream

Explanation of the above passage – Iswaran said to Mahendra that the site of the factory was earlier a place where the dead were buried.  Mahendra  jerked out of the pleasant thought after the tasty meal. Iswaran continued that on the first day itself, he had seen a human skull lying on the ground when he was returning after buying vegetables. Even later, he had come across a number of skulls and bones lying around the place.

Passage – He went on to narrate how he sometimes saw ghosts at night. “I am not easily frightened by these things, sir. I am a brave fellow. But one horrible ghost of a woman which appears off and on at midnight during the full moon… It is an ugly creature with matted hair and a shrivelled face, like a skeleton holding a foetus in its arms.”

Word meaning
Shrivelled: wrinkled and shrunken
Foetus: unborn baby

Explanation of the above passage – Iswaran added that sometimes he saw ghosts at night. Although he was not scared of them as he was a brave person but once, he saw a very horrible ghost of a woman. It appeared on a full moon night at 12 o’clock. It was very ugly, had matted hair and a shrunken withered face. It looked like a skeleton holding an unborn baby in its arms.

Passage – Mahendra shivered at the description and interrupted rather sharply, “You are crazy, Iswaran. There are no such things as ghosts or spirits. It is all a figment of your imagination. Get your digestive system examined — and maybe your head as well. You are talking nonsense.”

Word meaning
Figment: production

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra disliked the story and interrupted sharply. He scolded Iswaran and said that he had gone mad.  Mahendra said that  ghosts did not exist. He added that it was Iswaran’s imagination. He ordered Iswaran to get himself checked up –  to get his digestive system and his brain examined as he was speaking nonsense. (Mahendra asked him to get his digestive system checked up because when a person is suffering from constipation,  he gets nightmares and dreams of ghosts and supernatural powers).

Passage – He left the room and retired for the night, expecting Iswaran to sulk for a couple of days. But the next morning he was surprised to find the cook as cheerful and talkative as ever.

Word meaning
Sulk: be silent, morose, and bad-tempered out of annoyance or disappointment

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra had thought that Iswaran would remain quiet for a few days as he had scolded him the previous night. He was astonished to see a cheerful and talkative Iswaran the next morning.

Passage – From that day on Mahendra, for all his brave talk, went to bed with a certain unease. Every night he peered into the darkness outside through the window next to his bed, trying to make sure that there was no movement of dark shapes in the vicinity. But he could only see a sea of darkness with the twinkling lights of the factory miles away.

Word meaning
Vicinity: nearby area

Explanation of the above passage – Mahendra showed that he was very brave but on the contrary, he was uneasy because of the story Iswaran had narrated. Every night before going to bed he peeped out of the window next to his bed to assure himself that there was no ghost around. He did not see any ghost but only saw darkness and the twinkling lights of the factory.

Passage – He had always liked to admire the milk – white landscape on full moon nights. But after hearing Iswaran’s story of the female ghost he avoided looking out of his window altogether when the moon was full.

Explanation of the above passage – Before listening to insurance story Mahendra light watching the White coloured landscape on a full moon night as easwaran had told me that on a full moon night a female ghost haunted place,  he stopped looking out on that night as he was afraid bumping into the Ugly ghost

Passage – One night, Mahendra was woken up from his sleep by a low moan close to his window. At first he put it down to a cat prowling around for mice. But the sound was too guttural for a cat. He resisted the curiosity to look out lest he should behold a sight which would stop his heart. But the wailing became louder and less feline. He could not resist the temptation any more. Lowering himself to the level of the windowsill he looked out at the white sheet of moonlight outside. There, not too far away, was a dark cloudy form clutching a bundle. Mahendra broke into a cold sweat and fell back on the pillow, panting. As he gradually recovered from the ghastly experience he began to reason with himself, and finally concluded that it must have been some sort of auto suggestion, some trick that his subconscious had played on him.

Word meaning
Moan: crying sound
Prowling: searching
guttural: sound produced in the throat; harsh sounding
Wailing: crying sound
Feline: relating to cats or other members of the cat family
Panting: breathing heavily
Ghastly: causing horror and fear
auto suggestion: subconscious adoption of an idea which one has originated oneself

Explanation of the above passage – One night as Mahendra was asleep, he was awakened by the sound of someone crying. He thought that it could be a cat looking for mice and tried to go back to sleep.  The sound became more harsh and seemed to be a human sound.  Mahendra wanted to peep out of the window but stopped himself as he was afraid that if he saw a ghost he could even die. The crying sound became louder and it did not appear to be the sound of a cat.  Mahendra could not stop himself and so, he bent down and lifted his head slightly in order to peep out. In the White coloured moonlight, Mahendra saw the ghost. It was holding a bundle in one hand.  Mahendra  panicked, he was breathing heavily and fell back on the bed. After sometime, he recovered from the scary experience and thought that probably his subconscious mind was showing him the ghost as he had been thinking of it.  He assured himself that actually there was no ghost and  his mind was playing a trick on him.

Passage – By the time he had got up in the morning, had a bath and come out to have his breakfast, the horror of the previous night had faded from his memory. Iswaran greeted him at the door with his lunch packet and his bag. Just as Mahendra was stepping out Iswaran grinned and said, “Sir, remember the other day when I was telling you about the female ghost with a foetus in its arms, you were so angry with me for imagining things? Well, you saw her yourself last night. I came running hearing the sound of moaning that was coming from your room…”

Word meaning
Grinned: smiled broadly
Resolving: deciding
haunted place: visited by ghosts

Explanation of the above passage – By the time Mahendra woke up, took his bath and came out for breakfast, he had forgotten the ghostly experience of the previous night. Iswaran greeted him, gave him his lunch and his bag. As Mahendra was about to leave, Iswaran smiled and said that the other day, Mahendra had scolded him for discussing the ugly ghost but last night, Mahendra himself saw it. Iswaran had heard Mahendra’s cries the previous night..

Passage – A chill went down Mahendra’s spine. He did not wait for Iswaran to complete his sentence. He hurried away to his office and handed in his papers, resolving to leave the haunted place the very next day!

Word meaning
Spine: back bone
Resolving: deciding
Handed his papers: resigned

Explanation of the above passage – Iswaran’s comment scared Mahendra once again. He did not hear him further and hurried off to his office. He decided to resign from the job and leave the haunted place. He could not live there any longer.
 
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Class 9 English Moments Book Chapter-wise Explanation

The Lost Child Chapter 1 Explanation The Adventures of Toto Chapter 2 Explanation Iswaran the Storyteller Chapter 3 Explanation
In the Kingdom of Fools Chapter 4 Explanation The Happy Prince Chapter 5 Explanation Weathering in the Storm of Ersama Chapter 6 Explanation 
The Last Leaf Chapter 7 Explanation A House is not a Home Chapter 8 Explanation The Beggar Chapter 9 Explanation

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